Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Expert management of LCH, a rare disorder involving abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells.

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Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis

Hematologic Malignancies

Overview

Expert management of LCH, a rare disorder involving abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells.

When to Consult

Upon diagnosis of LCH or suspicious biopsy findings.

What to Bring

Biopsy reports, imaging scans (X-ray, CT, MRI), and blood test results.

Risk Factors

Age (more common in children)
Male gender
Smoking (in adults)
Genetic factors
Immune system disorders
Environmental exposures
Previous infections
Unknown triggers

Causes

Abnormal proliferation of Langerhans cells
Immune system dysfunction
Genetic mutations
Environmental triggers
Unknown etiology
Inflammatory processes
Cell differentiation abnormalities
Complex genetic factors

Treatment Options

Observation

Watchful waiting for single-system, unifocal disease that may resolve spontaneously. Appropriate for isolated skin or bone lesions without organ dysfunction, with close monitoring for progression.

Surgery

Surgical curettage or excision for isolated bone lesions. Complete surgical removal may be curative for single-site disease, particularly in accessible locations like the skull or long bones.

Chemotherapy

Multi-agent chemotherapy (vinblastine, prednisone, methotrexate, 6-mercaptopurine) for multisystem disease or high-risk patients. Treatment duration varies based on disease extent and response, typically 6-12 months.

Targeted Therapy

BRAF inhibitors (vemurafenib, dabrafenib) for BRAF-mutated LCH, and MEK inhibitors for MAP2K1-mutated cases. Precision medicine approach based on genetic mutations found in LCH cells.

Immunotherapy

Immune checkpoint inhibitors and other immunomodulatory agents under investigation for refractory disease. Helps restore immune system function to control abnormal Langerhans cell proliferation.

Supportive Care

Management of organ dysfunction including diabetes insipidus (hormone replacement), skin care, pain management, and treatment of infections. Essential component of comprehensive care for all LCH patients.

Need Treatment?

Schedule a consultation to discuss treatment options for Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis.